Original
Association between non-adherence to statin and hospitalization for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in a national cohort
Sukyoun Shin, Sunmee Jang, Tae-Jin Lee, and Ho Kim
Price
42.00 $
Volume 52 p. 948 - 956
Abstract
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vol. 52 – No. 11/2014 (948-956)
Association between non-adherence to statin and hospitalization for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in a national cohort
Sukyoun Shin1, Sunmee Jang2, Tae-Jin Lee3, and Ho Kim3
1Review and Assessment Research Institute, Health Insurance Review and Assessment Services, Seoul, 2College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, and 3Graduate School of Public Health & Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
Objectives: This study evaluates the effect of adherence to stain on hospitalization for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in South Korea. Methods: We performed a national cohort study on 423,786 individuals using the Korean National Health Insurance Claims Database. The cohort was composed of individuals who were aged between 18 and 84 years, were newly treated with statin, and were followed from 2005 to 2009. Adherence to statin was calculated using medication possession ratio (MPR) and associations between adherence to statin and health outcomes were evaluated using Cox’s proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: Of the study subjects, 41.9% were male, 7.4% were beneficiaries of a tax-financed medical aid program (MAP), 1.5% had prior cardiovascular disease (CVD), 13.0% had diabetes, and 27.5% had hypertension. Non-adherence to statin was found to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular hospitalization (HR 2.18, 95% CI: 2.02 – 2.35) and all-cause mortality (HR = 1.75, CI: 1.66 – 1.84). As the age of the study group increased, non-adherence was more strongly associated with the risk of hospitalization for CVD. In addition, the risk of hospitalization for CVD was relatively high in patients who were male, older or MAP beneficiaries, and who had hypertension, diabetes, and high Charlson’s comorbidity index. Conclusions: This study supports that non-adherence to statin is associated with an elevated risk of hospitalization for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality.Correspondence to:
Ho Kim, PhD
Graduate School of Public Health &
Institute of Health and Environment
Seoul National University
Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
Email: [email protected]
Original
Predicting augmented renal clearance using estimated glomerular filtration rate in critically-ill children
Bongjin Lee, Jongyoon Kim2, June Dong Park, Hyun Mi Kang, Yoon Sook Cho, and Kwi Suk Kim
Price
42.00 $
Volume 88 (2017) p. 148 - 155
Abstract
Clinical Nephrology, Vol. 88 – No. 3/2017 (148-155)
Predicting augmented renal clearance using estimated glomerular filtration rate in critically-ill children
Bongjin Lee1*, Jongyoon Kim2*, June Dong Park1, Hyun Mi Kang1, Yoon Sook Cho2, and Kwi Suk Kim2
1Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and 2Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Aims: Measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) is often used to identify augmented renal clearance (ARC). However, in the clinical setting, estimated GFR (eGFR) is obtained more quickly and inexpensively. We aimed to determine whether eGFR can identify ARC by evaluating the correlation between the eGFR and vancomycin trough level (VTL). Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients aged ≤ 18 years who underwent vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring at our tertiary hospital from July 2009 to June 2014. VTL, serum creatinine concentration, eGFR, and clinical factors affecting VTL were analyzed. Results: Of 101 patients, 76 (75.25%) had a subtherapeutic VTL. Patient age (p = 0.006), the daily vancomycin dose (p = 0.041) and dosing interval (p = 0.006), and eGFR (p < 0.001) affected the VTL. Multivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between eGFR and VTL (adjusted R2, 0.812; p < 0.001). An increased eGFR (odds ratio, 1.002; 95% confidence interval, 1.001 – 1.003; p = 0.001) was a risk factor for a subtherapeutic vancomycin level. The cutoff eGFR value predicting a subtherapeutic vancomycin level was 110.51 mL/min/1.73m2 (area under the curve, 0.753). Conclusions: The eGFR correlates with the VTL, and the eGFR cutoff value can predict a subtherapeutic vancomycin level. eGFR is a reliable and efficient alternative to mGFR for identifying ARC.
*Both authors contributed equally to this work.Correspondence to:
June Dong Park, MD, PhD
Division of Pediatric Intensive Care
Department of Pediatrics
Seoul National University, College of Medicine
101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
Email: [email protected]
Nephrology Education
Oxaliplatin-induced acute tubulointerstitial nephritis: Two case reports
You-Jung Choi, Kook-Hwan Oh, Hye-Ryun Kang, and Soo-Jin Lee
Price
42.00 $
Volume 89 (2018) p. 130 - 134
Abstract
Clinical Nephrology, Vol. 89 – No. 2/2018 (130-134)
Oxaliplatin-induced acute tubulointerstitial nephritis: Two case reports
You-Jung Choi1, Kook-Hwan Oh2, Hye-Ryun Kang3, and Soo-Jin Lee1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, College of Medicine, 2Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, and 3Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Oxaliplatin is a platinum compound commonly used in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. This report describes two patients who had received repetitive combination chemotherapy including oxaliplatin for the treatment of metastatic colon cancer and who visited the emergency department with acute kidney injury several days after experiencing a hypersensitivity reaction to oxaliplatin. In both cases, the pathologic diagnosis was acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, and corticosteroid therapy resulted in improved renal function. Induction of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis by oxaliplatin has rarely been reported.
Correspondence to:
Kook-Hwan Oh, MD, PhD
Professor Division of Nephrology
Department of Internal Medicine
Seoul National University Hospital
101 Daehak-ro, Chong No Gu, Seoul, 03080 Korea
Email: [email protected]
Bioavailability Section
Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of 0.5 mg lobeglitazone tablets in healthy male subjects
So Jin Lee, Min-Gul Kim, Shin-Jung Park, and Ji-Young Jeon
Price
42.00 $
Volume 56 (2018) p. 426 - 433
Abstract
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vol. 56 – No. 9/2018 (426-433)
Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of 0.5 mg lobeglitazone tablets in healthy male subjects
So Jin Lee1, Min-Gul Kim1,2,3, Shin-Jung Park4, and Ji-Young Jeon1
1Center for Clinical Pharmacology and Biomedical Research Institute, 2Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, 3Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, and 4Research Institute, Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical Corp., Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two formulations of DuvieTM (0.5-mg lobeglitazone sulfate). Materials and methods: This study was designed as an open-label, randomized, single-dose, crossover bioequivalence study in healthy male subjects. A total of 28 subjects were randomized into two groups: one group received the test drug, 0.5-mg DuvieTM tablets, which have formulations available on the global market; and the other group received the reference drug, the initially-approved 0.5-mg DuvieTM tablets. Plasma samples were collected for up to 48 hours after drug treatment and were analyzed for lobeglitazone using validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Individual pharmacokinetic properties were determined by noncompartmental methods. Safety assessments were performed. Results: 28 subjects completed the study and were included in the pharmacokinetic analysis. The mean (standard deviation) values of AUC<sub>last</sub> for the test and reference formulations were 367.49 (157.92) and 362.40 (140.05) ng×h/mL, respectively. The mean (standard deviation) values of C<sub>max</sub> for the test and reference formulations were 50.35 (6.94) and 49.29 (6.71) ng/mL, respectively. The 90% confidence intervals for AUC<sub>last</sub> and C<sub>max</sub> were 0.9150 – 1.1088 and 0.9879 – 1.0561, respectively. All adverse events were mild, and there were no serious adverse events. Conclusion: This study suggests that the two lobeglitazone tablet formulations have similar exposure and absorption rates. Therefore, the newly-developed formulation of the 0.5-mg DuvieTM tablet is expected to contribute to the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Correspondence to:
Ji-Young Jeon, PhD
Center for Clinical Pharmacology and Biomedical Research Institute
Chonbuk National University Hospital
20, Genji-Ro, Deikjin-gu, Jeonju,
Leollabuk-do, 54907 Republic of Korea
Email: [email protected]
Original
Comparison of vancomycin area under the curve calculated based on Bayesian approach versus equation-based approach
Eojin Lee, Uijeong Yu, Ji In Park, and Sang-In Park
Price
42.00 $
Volume 62 (2024) p. 204 - 212
Abstract
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vol. 62 – No. 5/2024 (204-212)
Comparison of vancomycin area under the curve calculated based on Bayesian approach versus equation-based approach
Eojin Lee1, Uijeong Yu2, Ji In Park3, and Sang-In Park2#4
1Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, 2Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 3Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University College of Medicine and Kangwon National University Hospital, and 4Biomedical Research Institute, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
Objective: Area under the curve (AUC)-based vancomycin dose adjustment is recommended to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. AUC estimation methods include Bayesian software programs and simple analytical equations. This study compared the AUC obtained using the Bayesian approach with that obtained using an equation-based approach.
Materials and methods: Patients receiving intravenous vancomycin for MRSA infection were included. Peak and trough levels were measured for each patient on days 3, 7, and 10 post vancomycin dosing (day 1). AUC was calculated using software based on the Bayesian method (MwPharm Online) and an equation-based calculator, Stanford Health Care (SHC) calculator.
Results: The AUC estimated using MwPharm Online was similar to that estimated using the SHC calculator. The geometric mean ratio (GMR) and their 90% confidence intervals (90% CI) were 1.08 (1.05 – 1.11), 1.03 (0.99 – 1.07), and 0.99 (0.94 – 1.05) at days 3, 7, and 10, respectively. Furthermore, according to the software used, there were no significant differences in the proportions of patients in the categories “within” and “below or above” the AUC target range. Additionally, trough levels predicted by both software programs were lower than the observed ones. Still, there was no significant difference between the predicted and observed peak levels for both software programs on day 10.
Conclusion: AUC calculated using the Bayesian software allows for calculation with samples at a non-steady state, can integrate covariates, and is interconvertible with that estimated using an equation-based calculator, which is simpler and relies on fewer assumptions. Therefore, either method can be used, considering each method’s strengths and limitations.Correspondence to:
Sang-In Park, MD, PhD
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine
Kangwon National University
1 Gangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si,
Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea
Email: [email protected]
Original
Effect of inhaled corticosteroid with oral montelukast and levocetirizine in asthma: A population-based study
Myunghee Park, Seong-Dae Woo, Minae Park, Yujin Lee, and Hwa Jeong Seo
Price
42.00 $
Volume 64 (2026) p. 210 - 218
Abstract
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vol. 64 – No. 4/2026 (210-218)
Effect of inhaled corticosteroid with oral montelukast and levocetirizine in asthma: A population-based study
Myunghee Park1#2, Seong-Dae Woo3, Minae Park1, Yujin Lee1, and Hwa Jeong Seo2
1Department of Data Science, Hanmi Pharm Co Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 2Medical informatics and health Technology (MiT), Department of Medical Industry Management, College of Business, Gachon University, Seongnam, and 3Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
Introduction: Asthma is a chronic disease that requires careful management, and its exacerbations can be life-threatening. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)-containing inhaler in combination with oral montelukast and levocetirizine could lessen the exacerbation of asthma in comparison to inhaler alone.
Materials and methods: Among 437,915 asthma patients receiving ICS-containing inhaler, 91,122 participants were included. Treatment groups were categorized as (1) ICS-containing inhalers (ICS with or without long-acting β-2 agonist (LABA)), and (2) ICS-containing inhalers used in combination with both oral montelukast and levocetirizine, and (3) severe exacerbation of asthma (visit of emergency room or hospitalization). After 1 : 1 propensity score matching of treatment groups, survival analysis utilizing Cox regression was conducted for estimating the effect of treatment on asthma exacerbation.
Results: We found that the inhaler plus montelukast and levocetirizine group exhibited a lower crude incidence rate and was associated with a lower risk of all-cause death and moderate to severe exacerbation. Specifically, the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were 0.71 (p = 0.006) for all-cause death, 0.57 (p < 0.001) for moderate exacerbation. For severe exacerbations, the adjusted HRs were 0.59 for emergency room visits and 0.66 for hospitalizations (p = 0.018 and 0.011, respectively), compared to the ICS-only group, demonstrating a statistically significant reduction.
Conclusion: Treatment with ICS-containing inhaler plus oral montelukast and levocetirizine was significantly associated with a lower risk of exacerbations in asthma patients. Alongside the growing burden of healthcare utilization and costs in South Korea, consideration of the treatment of ICS with montelukast and levocetirizine may serve as an effective treatment option for patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma, potentially improving disease management and reducing healthcare costs.Correspondence to:
Hwa Jeong Seo, PhD
Medical informatics and health Technology (MiT)
Department of Medical Industry Management
Gachon University
1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu,
Seongnam 13120, Gyeinggi-do, South Korea
Email: [email protected]
Original
Development of a pain intensity estimation model in breast cancer survivors using quantile regression: A nationwide claims-based cohort study
Jin Lee, Alexsandre Chan, Juhee Cho, and Hwa Jeong Seo
Price
42.00 $
Volume 64 (2026) p. 391 - 397
Abstract
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vol. 64 – No. 8/2026 (391-397)
Development of a pain intensity estimation model in breast cancer survivors using quantile regression: A nationwide claims-based cohort study
Jin Lee1#2, Alexsandre Chan3, Juhee Cho1#2#4#5*, and Hwa Jeong Seo6#7*
1Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, 2Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea, 3Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA, 4Cancer Education Center, Samsung Comprehensive Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 5Department of Digital Health, Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 6Medical Informatics and Health Technology (MiT), Department of Healthcare Industry Management, and 7Global Healthcare Research Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
Objective: In patients in whom pain cannot be objectively evaluated, achieving high compliance with symptom management is challenging. This study aimed to estimate pain-related factors and pain intensity in patients with breast cancer according to prescription history of analgesics.
Materials and methods: Pain intensity was rated according to low, moderate, and high cumulative analgesic consumption score (CACS). CACS-based quantile regression analysis was performed considering sociodemographic (age, income, and disease duration), index-related (body mass index (BMI) and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI)), and surgery- and treatment-related variables.
Results: In the mild pain group (Q1), age (≥ 50 years; βQ1 = 0.5803) and BMI (≥ 25; βQ1 = 0.7062) -affected the pain estimate. In the moderate-pain group (Q2), age (≥ 50 years; βQ2 = 1.0380), BMI (≥ 25; βQ2 = 0.9011), CCI (≥ 3; β<sub>Q2</sub> = 0.6106) and radiation therapy (yes; βQ2 = 0.5652) affected pain intensity. In the severe-pain group (Q4), age (≥ 50 years; βQ4 = 7.002), BMI (≥ 25; βQ4 = 6.2800), CCI (≥ 3; βQ4 = 3.4480), lymph node dissection (yes; βQ4 = 2.4420), and lymphedema (yes; βQ4 = 4.6580) affected pain estimate.
Conclusion: Among patients with breast cancer, older age, longer disease duration, higher BMI and CCI, prior lymph node dissection, and lymphedema presence may contribute to more severe pain symptoms. These findings may pave the way for the development of preemptive pain intervention for patients with breast cancer.Correspondence to:
Juhee Cho or Hwa Jeong Seo
Medical informatics and health Technology (MiT)
Department of Healthcare Industry Management
Gachon University
1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu,
Seongnam 13120, Gyeinggi-do, South Korea
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
