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Original

Utilizing artificial intelligence-assisted chest computed tomography to assess bone mineral density in patients requiring glucocorticoid therapy 

Ruigang Huang, Xian Wang, Yanhua Qiu, Weihua Lin, Lihao Wei, Jiguang Zhou, Chunhong Huang, and Shanying Chen

Volume 104 (2025) p. 401 - 411

Abstract

Clinical Nephrology, Vol. 104 – No. 6/2025 (401-411)

Utilizing artificial intelligence-assisted chest computed tomography to assess bone mineral density in patients requiring glucocorticoid therapy 

Ruigang Huang¹, Xian Wang², Yanhua Qiu¹, Weihua Lin¹, Lihao Wei¹, Jiguang Zhou³, Chunhong Huang², and Shanying Chen²

¹Department of Radiology, ²Department of Nephrology, and ³Statistical Office, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University
Objectives: Utilizing artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted chest computed tomography (CT) to assess bone mineral density (BMD) in patients requiring long-term glucocorticoid (GC) therapy.
Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used as the gold standard for BMD assessment. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to test diagnostic accuracy. We combined opportunistic chest CT and AI to measure vertebral BMD.
Results: We analyzed results of 249 chest CT-DXA pairs from 235 patients requiring GC therapy. Prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis was 28.51% and 22.13%, respectively. The average of thoracic 11 (T11) and T12 vertebral BMD measured by AI (AI-BMD) was 154.83 mg/cm³ and 147.56 mg/cm³, respectively. AUC of AI-BMD for osteopenia/osteoporosis was 0.867 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.823, 0.911) at T11 and 0.844 (95% CI: 0.795, 0.893) at T12. No significant differences in AUC between T11 and T12 were found in the cohort. 80 pairs of chest CT-DXA scans were performed among patients with long-term GC therapy. AUC of AI-BMD for osteopenia/osteoporosis were excellent in patients with long-term and initiating GC therapy. There were no significant differences in AUC among the two subgroups.
Conclusion: We found that AI-assisted chest CT is a convenient diagnostic tool for BMD assessment. AUC of AI-BMD for osteopenia/osteoporosis at T11 and T12 is excellent in patients requiring long-term GC therapy. By using AI-assisted opportunistic chest CT, patients can receive BMD assessments without the extra burden.Correspondence to:
Shanying Chen, MD
Department of Nephrology
Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University
59 # Shengli Xi Road
Zhangzhou, P. R. China 363000
Email: [email protected]

Original

Clinical relevance of transplant renal vein stenosis in the early post-operative period 

Fu-shun Pan, Gang Huang, Rong-hai Deng, and Ming Liu

Volume 105 (2026) p. 325 - 332

Abstract

Clinical Nephrology, Vol. 105 – No. 5/2026 (325-332)

Clinical relevance of transplant renal vein stenosis in the early post-operative period 

Fu-shun Pan¹, Gang Huang², Rong-hai Deng², and Ming Liu¹

¹Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital, and ²Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
Aims: To evaluate the progression of transplant renal vein stenosis (TRVS) in the early post-operative period and its impact on clinical outcomes.
Materials and methods: This prospective study enrolled 23 consecutive patients with TRVS detected by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Duplex ultrasound (DUS) was performed on days 1, 30, and 90 after transplantation. The DUS measurements included peak velocity (PV) of stenosis and peak velocity ratio of stenosis to pre-stenosis (PV-ratio). The differences in DUS measurements across different timepoints were evaluated by linear mixed-effects model.
Results: The mean serum creatinine (SCr) levels at days 30 and 90 were 131 (range, 46 – 196) μmol/L, and 103 (range, 70 – 136) μmol/L, respectively. Two TRVS cases were caused by mural thrombi, the remaining 21 cases were free of any surgical complications. The mean TRVS-PV at days 1, 30, and 90 were 335 ± 92, 221 ± 86, and 134 ± 59 cm/s, respectively. The mean PV-ratio at days 1, 30, and 90 were 9.3 ± 5.0, 3.5 ± 1.9, and 2.0 ± 1.3, respectively. Linear mixed-effects model revealed a significant main effect of timepoint on SCr, TRVS-PV, and PV-ratio (p < 0.01 for all), exhibiting a gradually declining trend. There was no significant main effect of timepoint on arterial parameters.
Conclusion: TRVS unrelated to thrombotic causes in the early post-operative period is a transient finding not correlating with short-term outcome.Correspondence to:
Ming Liu, MD
Department of Medical Ultrasonics
Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound
the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
58 Zhongshan Road 2,
Guangzhou, 510080, China
Email: [email protected]

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