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Associations between atherogenic index of plasma and chronic kidney disease in individuals with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperuricemia 

Ye Li, Yu-Xuan Zhu, Yi Qiu, and Ya-Yu Li

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Volume 105 (2026) p. 117 - 127

Abstract

Clinical Nephrology, Vol. 105 – No. 2/2026 (117-127)

Associations between atherogenic index of plasma and chronic kidney disease in individuals with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperuricemia 

Ye Li¹, Yu-Xuan Zhu¹, Yi Qiu², and Ya-Yu Li²

¹Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, and ²Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
Objective: The association between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) among individuals with different metabolic syndromes remains inadequately characterized. The aim of this study is to assess the correlations between AIP and the risk of CKD among individuals diagnosed with hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), and hyperuricemia (HUA).
Materials and methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, collected between 2009 and March 2020, were used to categorize eligible participants into HTN, DM, and HUA groups. Weighted logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines were employed to examine the correlations between AIP and CKD. The incremental predictive value of AIP, compared with conventional CKD risk factors, was assessed using the area under the curve, net reclassification improvement index, and integrated discrimination improvement.
Results: Among individuals in the HTN and DM groups, an increase of one unit in AIP was associated with a 17% increase in the risk of CKD (odds ratio (OR): 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10 – 1.25) and a 29% increase (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.18 – 1.40), respectively. Conversely, within the HUA group, neither persistent AIP nor any of the three AIP levels demonstrated a statistically significant correlation with CKD.
Conclusion: The findings demonstrated a significant association between AIP and CKD in individuals with HTN and DM, indicating a potential link between dyslipidemia and CKD risk within these populations. In contrast, AIP did not exhibit a significant association with CKD among individuals with HUA.Correspondence to:
Ya-Yu Li, PhD
Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology
Department of Nephrology
Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
No. 453 of Tiyuchang Road, Xihu District
Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
Email: [email protected]

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