Effects of cigarette smoking on pulmonary infections H. Worth Facharztforum Fürth
DOI 10.5414/ATX02172
Abstrakt
Changes of lung structure as well as impairment of pulmonary immunity are observed in cigarette smoking humans. Smoking is one of the most important avoidable risk factors of community acquired pneumonia. The risk of pneumonia due to S. pneumoniae increases with increasing number of cigarettes smoked and decreases after smoking cessation. An impaired immunity and a disturbed respiratory defence system may be the cause for more severe courses of viral and bacterial pumonary infections in smokers. In patients with tuberculosis smoking increases mortality and reduces response to antimycobacteral drug treatment. Since nicotine and vapor of E-cigarettes increase inflammation in the lung, the use of E-cigarettes may be a risk factor for pulmonary infections, too. To reduce the risk of pulmonary infections in smokers smoking cessation and vaccination against influenza and S. pneumoniae are recommended.
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