Abstract

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (cirAEs) induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and to provide evidence for the rational clinical use of ICIs and pharmacovigilance for cutaneous toxicities.
Materials and methods: We systematically searched the PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CNKI, and Wanfang databases using keywords including “immune checkpoint inhibitors,” “cutaneous adverse reactions,” “cutaneous toxicity,” “induced,” and “case,” and their combinations to identify detailed case reports on cirAEs. Data on patient demographics (sex and age), primary cancer type, ICI use, time to cirAE onset, cirAE severity grading, and reaction classification were extracted. Descriptive statistics, co-occurrence analysis of clinical manifestations, and the Apriori algorithm were employed to analyze cirAE patterns.
Results: The analysis included a total of 120 articles involving 126 patients (male: 80; female: 46) with a mean age of 63.05 ± 11.85 years. The highest incidence was observed in patients aged 60 – 69 years. The primary cancers were predominantly non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma. Programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors were the most commonly used therapeutic agents. The median time to onset was 15 – 28 days. Most cases were classified as severe Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN).
Conclusion: Healthcare professionals must remain vigilant for severe cirAEs and ensure timely diagnosis and management to safeguard patient safety during ICI therapy.

Author Details

Authors

• Su-na Tang^{1, 2}
• Xiao-wen Ma²
• Xiao-yan Zhang²
• Na-na Zhang²
• Fei Wang²
• Feng-lin Ye¹
• Na-na Chen¹
• Ping Yang¹
• Ning-ning Zhu²

Departments

• ¹ Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, and
• ² School of Nursing, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China

Address

Prof. Ningning Zhu
School of Nursing
Bengbu Medical University
Bengbu 233030, Anhui, China
Email: [email protected]

Citation