Volume 40, No. 12/2002(December)
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 Int. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
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Editorial
A risky business
Rod Flower
Therapeutics
Use of complementary alternative medicine in patients admitted to internal medicine wards
T. Azaz-Livshits, M. Muszkat and M. Levy
Abstract
T. Azaz-Livshits, M. Muszkat and M. Levy
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
Objective: To evaluate rate and type of complementary alternative medicine (CAM) use in patients admitted to a medical ward. To identify demographic and disease or treatment-related factors associated with CAM use in these patients. To evaluate the awareness of physicians regarding this practice and whether CAM use had contributed to hospital admission. Methods: This study is based on consecutive interviews and chart reviews of 180 patients admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital in Jerusalem, Israel. 29 patients were excluded due to impaired cognitive state and 2 patients refused to participate in the study. Patients were asked questions concerning sociodemographic characteristics and CAM use: type, time, duration of use, causes, outcomes and communication about CAM use with their hospital and family physicians. Information about background diseases, acute diagnoses that led to hospitalization, symptoms on admission, drugs taken at home prior to admission was provided by chart reviews. Results: 26% of patients reported a lifetime history of CAM use and 11% during the month prior to admission. Younger age, higher education and Israeli, USA or European origin was associated with more frequent CAM use. Hospital physicians were informed only about 12% of the CAM courses in the month prior to admission, whereas family physicians were aware of about half of them. No direct or indirect harmful effects of CAM were noticed in this study. No essential changes in the regimen of drugs or other conventional treatments due to CAM use were found. If the condition deteriorated, patients did not defer their visit to hospital because of CAM use. Conclusions: With reservations due to small sample size, it appears that CAM use was not an important factor influencing hospital admissions to a medical ward. Awareness of the hospital physicians regarding CAM use in their patients during the month prior to admission was much lower than that of the family physicians (12% vs. 51.3%).Correspondence to:
Prof. Dr. M. Levy; Drug Information, POB 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
Email: azaz@hadassah.org.il
Pharmacocinetics
Determination of the acetylator phenotype in Moroccan tuberculosis patients using isoniazid as metabolic probe
L. Aït Moussa, C.E. Khassouani, B. Hüe, M. Jana, B. Bégaud and R. Soulaymani
Abstract
L. Aït Moussa1, C.E. Khassouani1, B. Hüe2, M. Jana3, B. Bégaud4 and R. Soulaymani1
1Laboratoire de Toxicologie d’Urgence et de Suivi Thérapeutique, Centre Anti-Poisons du Maroc, Institut National d’Hygiène, Rabat, Maroc, 2Faculté de Médecine de Montpellier, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Institut de Biologie, Montpellier, France, 3Université Cadi Ayyad, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Marrakech, Maroc, and 4Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux, 2. Département de Pharmacologie Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux cedex
A large interindividual variability in drug acetylation is associated with genetic polymorphism of the polymorphic Type 2 N-acetyltransferase (NAT2), and an important interethnic difference has been frequently observed. However, few data on this polymorphism in the Moroccan population are available. In the present study the acetylator phenotype in 89 Moroccan patients with tuberculosis has been determined using isoniazid (INH) as metabolic probe. The subjects (69 women and 20 men between 18 and 77) were each given a 5 mg/kg oral dose of INH. Plasma concentration of INH and its metabolite, acetylisoniazid (ac.INH), were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography at 3 hours post dose. The plasma level ratio of acetylisoniazid to isoniazid (Rm), and the plasma level of acetylisoniazid as a percentage (%ac.INH) were used to express the activity of the polymorphic NAT2. The distribution of these 2 parameters in the studied population was clearly bimodal resulting in 2 distinct groups: slow acetylators (Rm £ 0.84, %ac.INH £ 45.64%), and fast acetylators (Rm ³ 1.29, %ac.INH ³ 56.26%) who accounted respectively for 61.8% and 38.2% of the population. The 2 approaches used showed a complete concordance.Correspondence to:
Porf. Dr. R. Soulaymani; Laboratoire de Toxicologie d’Urgence et de Suivi Thérapeutique, Centre Anti - Poisons du Maroc, Institut National d’Hygiène, 27, Avenue Ibn Batouta, B.P: 769, Rabat 11400
Email: Marocismailia@iam.net.ma
HPLC analysis
Simultaneous quantification of citalopram, clozapine, fluoxetine, norfluoxetine, maprotiline, desmethylmaprotiline and trazodone in human serum by HPLC analysis
R. Waschgler, M.R. Hubmann, A. Conca, W. Moll and P. König
Abstract
R. Waschgler1, M.R. Hubmann1, A. Conca2, W. Moll1 and P. König2
1Medical Central Laboratory, Feldkirch, and 2Department of Psychiatry I, Regional Hospital, Rankweil, Austria
We describe an analytical procedure for the simultaneous quantification of citalopram (seropram), clozapine (leponex), fluoxetine (fluctine), norfluoxetine, maprotiline (ludiomil), desmethylmaprotiline and trazodone (trittico) in human serum within a period of 11.5 minutes using reversed phase HPLC. After 2 liquid/liquid extractions in the sample preparation phase, the drugs and metabolites were separated on a C18 column using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/buffer (30/70, v : v) at 70 °C, a flow rate of 1.5 ml/min and haloperidol as internal standard. Absorption and native fluorescence signals of the eluted compounds were detected simultaneously at 260 nm and 227/300 nm (excitation/emission), respectively. The calibration ranges for citalopram, clozapine, fluoxetine, norfluoxetine, maprotiline, and desmethylmaprotiline ranged from 50 – 400 mg/l and for trazodone from 50 – 3,200 mg/l. The CVs varied between 0.6% and 5.5% (within-run) and between 3.2% and 7.1% (between-run). Recoveries were > 90% for all pharmaceuticals. We noticed no interferences from several commonly used drugs.Correspondence to:
Ing. R. Waschgler; Carinagasse 41, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria
Email: rwaschgler@mzl.at
Overview - Extended Abstracts
The 16th Meeting of the “Working Group for Pharmacology in Oncology and Hematology (APOH)”
G. Hempel
Extended Abstracts
Molecular-epidemiological aspects of carcinogenesis: the role of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes
I. Cascorbi, J. Brockmöller and I. Roots
Abstract
I. Cascorbi1, J. Brockmöller2 and I. Roots3
1Institute of Pharmacology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, 2Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Georg August University Göttingen and 3Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany
Extended Abstract
Aminopterin-human serum albumin conjugate (AP-HSA): uptake and cytotoxic effects in tumor cell lines
N. Eschen, U. Bauder-Wüst, E. Frei, H.-H. Schrenk, H. Sinn, P. Kremer, I. Kiprianova and G. Hartung
Abstract
N. Eschen1, U. Bauder-Wüst1, E. Frei1, H.-H. Schrenk1, H. Sinn1, P. Kremer2, I. Kiprianova1 and G. Hartung3
Extended Abstract
ERK1/2 phosphorylation: a biomarker analysis within a phase I study with the new Raf kinase inhibitor BAY43-9006
R.A. Hilger, S. Kredke, D. Hedley, J.G. Moeller, R.J. Bauer, W. Stellberg, S. Seeber, M.E. Scheulen and D. Strumberg
Abstract
R.A. Hilger, S. Kredke, D. Hedley, J.G. Moeller, R.J. Bauer, W. Stellberg, S. Seeber, M.E. Scheulen and D. Strumberg
Extended Abstract
Interindividual differences in oxaliplatin pharmacokinetics
A.M. Junker, A.C. Pieck, A. Wehmeier and U. Jaehde
Abstract
A.M. Junker1, A.C. Pieck2, A. Wehmeier1 and U. Jaehde2
Extended Abstract
Penetration of capecitabine and its metabolites into malignant and healthy tissue of patients with advanced breast cancer
R.M. Mader, C. Schrolnberger, B. Rizovski, M. Brunner, C. Wenzel, G. Locker, H.G. Eichler, M. Mueller and G.G. Steger
Abstract
R.M. Mader1, C. Schrolnberger2, B. Rizovski1, M. Brunner2, C. Wenzel1, G. Locker1, H.G. Eichler2, M. Mueller2 and G.G. Steger1
Extended Abstract
Serial measurements of pharmacokinetics, DCE-MRI, blood flow, PET and biomarkers in serum/plasma – what is a useful tool in clinical studies of anti-angiogenic drugs?
K. Mross, S. Fuxius and J. Drevs
Abstract
K. Mross, S. Fuxius and J. Drevs
Extended Abstract
The influence of elevated liver function parameters on the pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin and epirubicin – a population based pharmacokinetic study of CESAR-APOH
H.J. Müller, M. Grubert, R. Hilger, H. Richly, R. Port, M. Scheulen and K. Mross
Abstract
H.J. Müller1, M. Grubert2, R. Hilger2, H. Richly2, R. Port3, M. Scheulen2 and K. Mross4
Extended Abstract
Population pharmacokinetics of etoposide*
S. Reif, A. Jetter, U. Fuhr, H. McLeod, D. Kingreen, W. Siegert and U. Jaehde
Abstract
S. Reif1, A. Jetter2, U. Fuhr2, H. McLeod3, D. Kingreen4, W. Siegert4 and U. Jaehde1,5
Extended Abstract
Results of phase I pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of the Raf kinase inhibitor BAY 43-9006 in patients with solid tumors
D. Strumberg, D. Voliotis, J.-G. Moeller, R.A. Hilger, H. Richly, S. Kredtke, C. Beling, M.E. Scheulen and S. Seeber
Abstract
D. Strumberg1, D. Voliotis2, J.-G. Moeller2, R.A. Hilger1, H. Richly1, S. Kredtke1, C. Beling1, M.E. Scheulen1 and S. Seeber1
Extended Abstract
Monitoring of methotrexate and reduced folates in the cerebrospinal fluid of cancer patients
S. Vezmar, U. Bode and U. Jaehde
Abstract
S. Vezmar1, U. Bode2 and U. Jaehde1
Extended Abstract
Serum HER-2/neu: a new predictive marker
A. Voss and R. Neumann
Abstract
A. Voss and R. Neumann
Extended Abstract
Population pharmacokinetics of cyclo- phosphamide, doxorubicin and etoposide in 30 patients with BEACOPP chemotherapy
S. Wilde, A. Jetter, M. Zaigler, S. Rietbrock, H. Menzel, M. Sieber, H. Tesch, G. Hempel, D. Busse, M. Schwab, S. Reif, U. Jaehde, V. Diehl and U. Fuhr
Abstract
S. Wilde1, A. Jetter1, M. Zaigler1, S. Rietbrock1, H. Menzel1, M. Sieber2, H. Tesch2, G. Hempel3, D. Busse4, M. Schwab4, S. Reif5, U. Jaehde5, V. Diehl2 and U. Fuhr1
